VALLORTUS
Back to Products200 mg / ml
| Form | Suspension |
|---|---|
| Active Substance | Sodium valproate |
| Presentation | Vial 40 ml |
| Treatment Category | Nervous system |
About the Product
COMPOSITION
Each 1 ml of oral solution contains:
sodium valproate 200 mg.
INDICATIONS FOR USE
The medicinal product is indicated for the treatment of generalized or focal seizures in adults and children:
- Generalized seizures: absence seizures, clonic, tonic, tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, including Lennox–Gastaut syndrome.
- Focal seizures: simple or complex.
- Partial seizures with or without secondary generalization, either as monotherapy or in combination with other antiepileptic medicinal products.
In children, the medicinal product is indicated for the prevention of recurrent seizures following one or more febrile seizures when intermittent prophylaxis with benzodiazepines has been ineffective and the criteria for complicated febrile seizures have been met.
The medicinal product is also indicated for the treatment of manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder when lithium is contraindicated or not tolerated.
In patients who respond to sodium valproate during an acute manic episode, continuation of treatment after resolution of the manic episode may be considered.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
The recommended initial daily dose is 10–15 mg/kg body weight, which should be increased gradually until the optimal dose is achieved. The optimal dose is generally 20–30 mg/kg body weight per day. If seizure control is not achieved at these doses, the dose may be increased. Patients receiving daily doses above 50 mg/kg body weight should be carefully monitored.
- Adults: the optimal dose is 20–30 mg/kg body weight per day.
- Infants and children: the usual daily dose is 30 mg/kg body weight.
- For children under 11 years of age, the most appropriate oral dosage forms for the treatment of epilepsy are syrup, oral solution, and granules.
- Adolescents and adults: the usual daily dose is 20–30 mg/kg body weight.
Initiation of sodium valproate therapy (oral administration)
- In patients not previously treated with other antiepileptic medicinal products, the dose should be increased gradually every 2–3 days to reach the optimal dose within approximately 1 week.
- In patients previously treated with other antiepileptic medicinal products, the switch to sodium valproate should be made gradually over approximately 2 weeks, while the dose of the previous antiepileptic medicinal product is progressively reduced and discontinued.
- When combination therapy with another antiepileptic medicinal product is required, the dose of the additional medicinal product should also be increased gradually.
Method of administration
The medicinal product should preferably be taken with meals:
- in 2 divided doses for children under 1 year of age;
- in 3 divided doses for patients over 1 year of age.
The oral solution should be mixed with water or juice (non-carbonated beverages) and taken orally.
Each pack of Vallortus oral solution contains a graduated oral dosing syringe intended for use only with Vallortus.
The oral dosing syringe is graduated in 50 mg increments from 50 mg to 400 mg, with additional 25 mg intermediate graduations.
DOSAGE FORM
Oral solution, 40 ml bottle.
PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Sodium valproate is an anticonvulsant medicinal product with centrally acting muscle relaxant and sedative properties. It exhibits antiepileptic activity in various types of epilepsy. Its principal mechanism of action is believed to be related to the effect of valproic acid on the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system by increasing GABA concentrations in the central nervous system and enhancing GABAergic neurotransmission.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
- hypersensitivity to valproate, divalproex, valpromide, or any of the excipients;
- acute hepatitis;
- chronic hepatitis;
- a personal or family history of severe hepatitis, particularly drug-induced hepatitis (Child–Pugh Class C);
- hepatic porphyria;
- enzymatic defects of the urea cycle;
- primary, non-correctable systemic carnitine deficiency;
- mitochondrial disorders caused by mutations in the nuclear gene encoding mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma (POLG), such as Alpers–Huttenlocher syndrome, and children under 2 years of age with suspected POLG-related disease;
- concomitant use with St. John's wort preparations.
For the treatment of epilepsy and bipolar disorder:
- pregnancy when no suitable alternative treatment is available.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
·Nervous system disorders: somnolence, tremor, dizziness, headache, ataxia (impaired coordination), confusion.
·Gastrointestinal disorders: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, decreased or increased appetite.
·Hepatobiliary disorders: elevated liver enzyme levels; rarely, severe hepatic injury.
·Blood and lymphatic system disorders: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, coagulation disorders.
·Metabolism and nutrition disorders: weight gain, hyperammonemia.
·Skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: skin rash, pruritus, reversible hair loss.
·Pancreatic disorders: rarely, acute pancreatitis.
· Other: menstrual disorders, polycystic ovary syndrome, allergic reactions.
DRUG INTERACTIONS
St. John's wort preparations
Concomitant use may reduce plasma concentrations of valproic acid, potentially resulting in reduced therapeutic efficacy.
Combinations not recommended
Lamotrigine
Concomitant administration is associated with an increased risk of serious skin reactions, including toxic epidermal necrolysis.
In addition, plasma concentrations of lamotrigine may increase due to reduced hepatic metabolism caused by sodium valproate. Therefore, careful clinical monitoring is recommended when these medicinal products are used together.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
Regular monitoring of liver function is required during treatment, particularly during the first 6 months of therapy, as well as monitoring of blood parameters, including platelet count and coagulation tests.
If signs or symptoms of liver injury (such as weakness, somnolence, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, or jaundice) or pancreatitis (severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting) occur, treatment should be discontinued immediately and medical attention should be sought.
The medicinal product should be used with caution in patients with liver disease, renal impairment, systemic lupus erythematosus, urea cycle disorders, or mitochondrial diseases.
Alcohol consumption should be avoided during treatment.
The medicinal product may cause somnolence, dizziness, and reduced psychomotor performance; therefore, caution should be exercised when driving vehicles or operating machinery.