CLAVOMED TAB.
Back to Products875 mg / 125 mg
| Form | Tablets |
|---|---|
| Active Substance | Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid |
| Presentation | 10 tablets |
| Treatment Category | Anti-infective agents |
About the Product
COMPOSITION
One film-coated tablet contains:
Active substances:
- amoxicillin (as amoxicillin trihydrate) — 875 mg
- clavulanic acid (as potassium clavulanate) — 125 mg
INDICATIONS FOR USE
Infectious and inflammatory diseases caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug:
- Upper respiratory tract and ENT infections (acute and chronic sinusitis, acute and chronic tonsillitis, acute and chronic otitis media, retropharyngeal abscess);
- Lower respiratory tract infections (including exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, lobar pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, pleural empyema);
- Urinary tract infections (cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis);
- Genital tract infections (salpingitis, salpingo-oophoritis, endometritis, septic abortion, pelvic peritonitis);
- Sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea, chancroid);
- Skin and soft tissue infections (furunculosis, abscess, cellulitis, wound infection, phlegmon);
- Bone and joint infections (including chronic osteomyelitis);
- Biliary tract infections (cholecystitis, cholangitis);
- Other mixed infections, such as obstetric sepsis and intra-abdominal infections;
- Odontogenic infections (including dentoalveolar abscess);
- Prevention of infections during surgical procedures;
- Animal and human bites.
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
For optimal absorption and to reduce possible gastrointestinal side effects, Clavomed is recommended to be taken at the beginning of a meal, swallowed whole, with a small amount of water.
The dosing regimen is determined individually depending on age, body weight, renal function, and severity of infection.
Treatment should not be continued for more than 14 days without clinical reassessment.
Adults and children over 12 years or body weight over 40 kg:
- 1 tablet twice daily.
Patients with severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance 10–30 mL/min):
- dose reduction or increased dosing interval is required.
| Creatinine clearance | > 30 | 30–10 | < 10 |
| Dosing interval | 8 hours | 12 hours | 24 hours |
Patients with impaired liver function:
Treatment should be used with caution; regular monitoring of liver function is recommended. There are insufficient data to determine whether dose adjustment is required in this group of patients.
Elderly patients:
No dose adjustment is required.
DOSAGE FORM
Tablets No. 10
PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES
Pharmacodynamics
Amoxicillin is a semi-synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotic active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. It is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamases.
Clavulanic acid is a β-lactam compound capable of inactivating a wide range of β-lactamases, enzymes produced by microorganisms resistant to penicillins and cephalosporins.
The presence of clavulanic acid in Clavomed protects amoxicillin from β-lactamase degradation and broadens its antibacterial spectrum, including organisms resistant to other penicillins and cephalosporins.
Clavomed is active against:
- Gram-positive aerobic microorganisms: Bacillus anthracis, Corynebacterium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Listeria monocytogenes, Nocardia asteroides, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (including Staphylococcus epidermidis), Streptococcus spp. (including Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus viridans);
- Gram-positive anaerobes: Clostridium spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp.;
- Gram-negative aerobes: Bordetella pertussis, Brucella spp., Escherichia coli, Gardnerella vaginalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Klebsiella spp., Legionella spp., Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Pasteurella multocida, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia enterocolitica;
- Gram-negative anaerobes: Bacteroides spp. (including Bacteroides fragilis), Fusobacterium spp.;
- Other microorganisms: Borrelia burgdorferi, Chlamydiae, Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae, Treponema pallidum.
Pharmacokinetics
Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are well absorbed after oral administration. Peak plasma concentration is reached in about 1 hour. Both components have a good volume of distribution in body fluids and tissues (lungs, middle ear, pleural and peritoneal fluids, uterus, ovaries, etc.).
Amoxicillin also penetrates the liver, prostate gland, tonsils, muscle tissue, gallbladder, paranasal sinus secretions, saliva, and bronchial secretions. Neither amoxicillin nor clavulanic acid crosses the blood-brain barrier when the meninges are not inflamed.
Both components show low plasma protein binding.
Amoxicillin is mainly eliminated by the kidneys, with small amounts excreted via the intestines and lungs. The elimination half-life is 1–1.5 hours. In severe renal impairment, it increases to 7.5 hours for amoxicillin and 4.5 hours for clavulanic acid.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
- Jaundice or impaired liver function associated with previous use of the drug;
- Hypersensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics (including penicillins and cephalosporins);
- Infectious mononucleosis.
- Children under 12 years
Pregnancy and lactation
The drug may be used during pregnancy when the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the fetus or child. Experimental studies have shown no teratogenic effects.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
In most cases, adverse effects are mild and reversible.
Hematopoietic system:
Occasionally, transient changes in blood test parameters may occur.
Allergic reactions:
Pruritus and skin rash; in sensitive patients, immediate hypersensitivity reactions may occur. If any form of allergic dermatitis develops, Clavomed should be discontinued.
Central nervous system:
Occasionally — dizziness, headache; rarely — reversible hyperactivity.
Gastrointestinal system:
Diarrhea, nausea (more common at high doses), vomiting; sometimes dyspepsia.
Urinary system:
Crystalluria.
Microbiological effects:
Occasionally — mucosal candidiasis; very rarely — pseudomembranous and hemorrhagic colitis.
DRUG INTERACTIONS
Concomitant use of Clavomed with probenecid is not recommended. Probenecid decreases the renal tubular secretion of amoxicillin, leading to increased and prolonged blood levels of amoxicillin, while clavulanic acid levels are not affected.
Concurrent use of allopurinol and amoxicillin may increase the risk of allergic reactions.
Like other broad-spectrum antibiotics, Clavomed may reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives.
SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS
Caution is advised in patients prone to allergic reactions and in those with known hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics due to the risk of cross-allergy.
Clavomed should be avoided in suspected infectious mononucleosis, as amoxicillin may cause a skin rash that can complicate diagnosis.
Tooth discoloration may occur during treatment. Good oral hygiene is sufficient to prevent it.
When used concomitantly with anticoagulants, monitoring is required as prolongation of prothrombin time may occur.
Use with caution in patients with impaired liver function.
In patients with reduced urine output, crystalluria may occur very rarely, mainly during parenteral therapy. Adequate fluid intake and urine output are recommended when high doses of amoxicillin are used to reduce the risk of crystalluria.
Prolonged therapy may lead to overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms. During long-term treatment, periodic monitoring of renal, hepatic, and hematopoietic function is recommended.
Effects on driving and operating machinery
Clavomed does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery requiring psychomotor speed.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
Clavomed may be used during pregnancy; no teratogenic effects have been observed.
Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid are excreted in small amounts into breast milk; therefore, caution is advised during lactation.